Bauer Bodoni is a modern serif font (Didone) created by Heinrich Jost for the Bauer Type Foundry in 1926 in Munich, Germany. He designed Beton, Atrax, and Fraktur. He created several versions: black, bold, italic, condensed, Roman, small caps, and oldstyle, and several combinations of these.
Old Style fonts are fonts such as Bembo, ITC Legacy Serif, and Sabon Next. They're classified by "
curved strokes whose axis inclines to the left, and little contrast between thick and thins" (Fonts.com).
Transitional fonts such as Baskerville, ITC Zapf International, New Caledonia take influence from Old Style but also make them different, removing themselves from the calligraphic style of Old Style.
Modern fonts such as Bodoni, Didot, and Bauer Bodoni branch from the Transitional to complete the progression. They consist of high contrast strokes, strong vertical axes, and horizontal stress.
Slab Serifs (aka Egyptian) are serif fonts with strong square serifs such as Serifa, Rockwell, and Courier.
Sans serifs are fonts such as this one that do not have serifs (the tails on letter terminals). They may be geometric like futura and century gothic or more humanist like aksidenz grotesque. This classification comes from how straight and clean the lines are or how perfectly circular the round bits are. More "perfect" means geometric, less means humanist.
Stroke weight refers to the width of the lines that make up the letter. Heavy weight fonts have wider lines, lighter weight have thinner lines.
Axis refers the the vertical guide on a font. Basically imagine if you were to draw a line bisecting the letter, and the angle of it in regards to the baseline is the axis. The stress is how the strokes transition to varying weights on a certain axis.
Small caps is a member of a font's family that is in all caps, but letters that would actually be capital are slightly larger than the other letters. Lining figures are characters that stay in line with the X-height, while non-aligning figures stagger up and down along the x-height, typically used to make numbers less noticeable. Ligatures are figures that combine two letters that share one side so they serve as one whole character.
Type measurement is the standardization of type size based on picas and points. A font measurement number (12 pt, 18 pt, etc.) is based on points. There are 12 pts in a pica and 6 pica in an inch. This standardization allows for more unified systems in regards to using multiple fonts, and it also allows typographers to use these standards to make their font appear bigger or smaller on the baseline.
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